House Rent Agreement: What You Need to Know Before Signing

When you rent a house in India, a house rent agreement, a legally binding contract between a tenant and landlord that outlines terms like rent, duration, and responsibilities. Also known as a lease agreement, it’s not just a formality—it’s your protection. Without one, you have no proof of your tenancy, no clear rules on repairs, and no defense if your landlord tries to kick you out or raise the rent illegally.

Many people think a verbal agreement is enough, but that’s risky. In India, the Rental Agreement Act, the legal framework governing residential rentals, including registration rules and security deposit limits requires written agreements for leases longer than 11 months. Even if your lease is shorter, having a signed document keeps things clear. It should list the rent amount, due date, security deposit (usually 2-5 months’ rent), maintenance responsibilities, and what happens if either side breaks the terms. Landlords often include clauses about pets, guests, or subletting—read them carefully. If something feels off, don’t sign until it’s fixed.

One big mistake? Not checking the property’s ownership papers. A landlord might not actually own the house—they could be renting it themselves. That’s called a sublet, and it’s legal only if the original owner allows it. If they don’t, you could be forced out with no refund. Always ask for the title deed or property tax receipt. Also, make sure the agreement mentions who pays for electricity, water, and internet. Some landlords include these in rent; others don’t. Knowing this upfront avoids surprise bills.

Security deposits are another hot spot. By law in most states, the deposit must be returned within 21 days after you move out, minus legitimate deductions for damage. But many landlords hold onto it for months, claiming repairs were needed when they weren’t. A good house rent agreement, a document that clearly defines the condition of the property at move-in and move-out includes a checklist signed by both parties. Take photos when you move in—of every scratch, stain, or broken tile. Keep them. If there’s a dispute later, those pictures are your best evidence.

What if your landlord sells the house while you’re still living there? In India, your agreement stays valid. The new owner must honor your lease until it ends. You can’t be forced out just because the property changed hands. That’s a right most tenants don’t know about. And if your landlord tries to raise the rent mid-lease? That’s illegal unless the agreement says otherwise. Know your rights before you sign.

You’ll find real examples in the posts below—what to include in your agreement, how to spot a fake landlord, how to handle disputes, and what happens when things go wrong. These aren’t theoretical rules. They’re lessons from people who’ve been there. Whether you’re renting your first home or managing a property, this collection gives you the straight facts you need to stay protected.